RESPA's Changed Circumstances: A Texas Title Company That Can Help Get You Through It

Effective January 1, 2010 RESPA states that once the Good Faith Estimate has been disclosed to your client, it’s pretty much written in stone. But what if something does need to be changed? There are certain circumstances that you may change the numbers on your GFE.

If the following occurs, you may change your GFE:

1. Acts of God, war, disaster, or other emergency.
2. Info particular to the borrower or transaction that was relied on in providing the GFE and that changes or is found to be inaccurate after the GFE has been provided, which information may include information about the credit quality of the borrower, the amount of loan, the estimated value of the property, or any other information that was used in providing the GFE.
3. New information particular to the borrower or transaction that was not relied on in providing the GFE.
4. Other circumstances that are particular to the borrower or transaction, including boundary disputes, the need for flood insurance, or environmental problems.

In addition to these rules, RESPA goes further to say:

None of the information collected by the loan originator prior to issuing the GFE may later become the basis for a “changed circumstance” upon which a loan originator may offer a revised GFE unless the loan originator can demonstrate that there was a change in the particular information or that it was inaccurate, or that the loan originator did not rely on that particular information in issuing the GFE.

In addition, the loan originator is presumed to have relied on the borrower’s name, the borrower’s monthly income, the property address, an estimate of the value of the property, the mortgage loan amount sought, and any information contained in any credit report obtained by the loan originator before providing the GFE. The loan originator cannot base a revision of the GFE on this information unless it changed or is later found to be inaccurate.

GOOD RULE OF THUMB: GET IT RIGHT THE FIRST TIME!!

We are a Texas title company that will help you get it right the first time. Use our Texas Title Insurance Premium Calculator to determine your title fees to the penny. So many times, mortgage lenders and mortgage brokers leave money on the table when filling out their GFE because they did not include the credit the Texas title company has to deduct from the basic Texas title insurance premium. Check it out!

How to Avoid Loan Closing Delays Because Of Inaccurate GFE Charges Under the New RESPA

If you are worried that getting your borrower’s Good Faith Estimate may be a near impossibility when first starting the loan process and when you don’t know all the third-party service provider’s fees, HUD allows loan originators another method that may relieve some of the guessing. Loan originators may use average charges for those third party service charges that are not based on your borrower’s property value or loan amount. HUD cites the following list of nonexclusive service charges as permissible: appraisals, credit reports, flood certificates, tax service, and recording documents. However, HUD specifically states the average charge method cannot be used for transfer taxes, interest charges, escrow reserves and insurances (including your Texas title company’s title insurance).

However, if you are going to use the average charge method, HUD requires the loan originator to document how you arrived at such average charge. A loan originator must keep documentation showing how it calculated an average charge for at least three years after any settlement for which that average charge was used.

In order to calculate an average charge, the loan originator must "define a specific class of transactions for a specific time period (not less than 30 calendar days, nor more than 6 months), for a specific geographical area, and for a specific loan type. The average charge is based on a calculation of the average amount paid for the settlement service for the particular class of transaction. HUD does not prescribe a particular method for calculating the average charge, but it must be determined in such a way that the total amounts paid by borrowers and sellers through use of an average charge will not exceed the total amounts paid to the applicable settlement service providers in the particular class of transactions." See New RESPA Rule FAQs at http://bit.ly/msSSY, p. 28-29.

What if the loan originator overcharges the borrower or seller too much when using the average charge method? Does the loan originator have to refund the borrower or seller the excess amount? The answer is no, but…the loan originator cannot retain the excess. Instead, the excess should be applied to the next average charge period, so that the next class of borrowers or sellers receive a discount on their charges that use the average charge method.

So the loan originator can use the average charge method to alleviate the guesswork in knowing the third-party service provider’s charges, so the loan originator may avoid hang-ups that would delay a closing. However, if the loan originator uses the average charge method, it best be ready to substantiate the average costs determined to their regulators.

Need a Texas Real Estate Contract?

It’s 5:00 pm…30 minutes until you leave your work life behind—if you are that disciplined….and some of us aren’t. The phone rings, and it is your FSBO borrower wondering if you know how to set up a seller lease-back or have some sort of “Seller’s Temporary Residential Lease” form. Not a very common request for most, and I know your first thought is, “I will call the title company and see if they have one.”

Did you know the Texas Real Estate Commission publishes all the forms they give to real estate agents? If you or your client really need a real estate contract, go to:

http://www.trec.state.tx.us/formslawscontracts/forms/forms-contracts.asp

Cut the middle man out! Save time! Now, go home!

‘Til Death Do Us Part

A goal for some marriages, a strong commitment for others, or maybe just words for some: “‘Til Death Do us Part.” Everyone that has ever been married remembers the day they were married or decided they wanted to be married. Everything coming up roses, the warmth of the sunshine, love in the air,…but then a few months roll by and things become a little complicated.

Unfortunately, marriage can become complicated in real estate transactions as well, but the good news is: you won’t need marriage counseling to resolve the issues. I know you are wondering how marriage can be complicated to the Texas title insurance industry. If the couple is married and a property is purchased, they each have a vested interest in the property. Where’s the problem? Well, there may not be a problem in that scenario, but what if the couple is common law married? Does that create a problem? Is the property purchased as two individuals or is the property purchased as a married couple?

In the State of Texas there are two types of marriages recognized: (1) Formal marriage—where a marriage license is obtained and (2) Informal—also known as common law marriage. Common law marriage has been recognized in Texas since 1847. Tarpley v. Poage’s Adm’r, 2 Tex. 139, 149 (Tex. 1847). Common law marriage is an unavoidable issue that needs to be reviewed when issuing a Texas title insurance policy.

For example, in a refinance transaction, the borrower is asked to complete a marital status affidavit, and he marks himself as “single.” However, the warranty deed or conveyance document shows he purchased the house as “a married man.” After investigating the situation, the Texas title company finds that he had a common law marriage to Betty Sue, but she left him 2 years ago. This matters!! Betty Sue, as his common law wife, has a marital interest in the house. At this point, the file would need to go to the Texas title insurance underwriter to be reviewed for further instruction.

If you think your client may have been in a common law marriage, and they decided to X the “til death do us part” all together, be sure and contact your Texas title company with any questions—and definitely let your Texas title company know in advance so any possible issues can be dealt with before closing.

Deceased Persons on Title: When Death Seems to Haunt You

You may think it is coincidence that it is October, the wind is chilled, and as you get ready to purchase a house, the current owner’s dead Uncle Albert from five generations ago holds up your closing. Yes, October is the haunting season, but it’s really not a coincidence. Dead ancestors regularly hold up closings.

Apparently, no one dealt with Uncle Albert’s death because the house you are buying has been gifted and kept in the family for the last 100 years. Of course, many people in Texas did not use wills and probate proceedings in Uncle Albert’s day, and the only information the family has is that he was hanged for running with Jesse James.

Cool that he ran with Jesse James, but limited information is no good. How can you ever get title to the property? How could you ever have a title company issue a Texas title insurance policy on it? In this instance, an attorney or title company is called in to determine who the heirs of Uncle Albert are. Yes, the family tree has to be compiled from five generations ago and brought forward to the present. More than likely, there will be more dead ancestors than just Uncle Albert whose estates the house has passed through, and this will slow your closing even more. The more deaths without wills, the more affidavits of heirship have to be prepared. This can be an extremely lengthy process, and you may find the title of your dream home haunted by more ghosts than just Uncle Albert, lingering until dealt with accordingly.

But don’t fear because the ghosts can be put to rest! We have an attorney on our staff and an experienced escrow officer to stop the haunting. If you have an Uncle Albert haunting you, just call us. We can help you get title to the property and have a Texas title insurance policy issued to protect you from any other “haunting.”

Hey Mortgage Lenders and Mortgage Brokers! Do You Know When You Are No Longer Bound To Your Good Faith Estimate?

Under the new RESPA regulations, the loan originator is bound, within the tolerances, to the settlement charges and terms listed on the GFE provided to the borrower unless a new GFE is provided prior to settlement. If a loan originator provides a revised GFE consistent with the new regulations, the loan originator must document the reason that a new GFE was provided. Loan originators must retain documentation of any reasons for providing a new GFE for no less than three years after settlement. See 24 C.F.R. § 3500.7(f) at http://bit.ly/QRYSY. But when can you provide a new GFE?

According to the new RESPA FAQs updated October 7, 2009 (pgs. 13–14) at http://bit.ly/msSSY, HUD lays out the following scenarios indicating when a loan originator is no longer bound by the GFE provided to the borrower:

i) A mortgage broker issues a GFE that a lender does not accept and the lender does not receive the application within three days of the date the broker received the application.
A: This does not constitute a changed circumstance.

ii) If a GFE is issued without a property address, the later identification of a property address.
A: If a loan originator issues a GFE without identifying a property address, the subsequent identification of the property address is not considered a changed circumstance.

iii) The borrower does not proceed to closing quickly upon final approval or does not act diligently in providing information to the lender.
A: The particular facts of each situation must be examined to determine if the facts constitute a changed circumstance.

iv) GSE, FHA or Mortgage Insurance program changes.
A: This could constitute a changed circumstance if the loan originator did not have notice of the GSE, FHA or other mortgage insurance program change prior to the issuance of the GFE.

v) The property address provided by the applicant, turns out to not be the correct, legal address.
A: This could constitute a changed circumstance.

vi) After the GFE is issued, parties are added to or removed from title or the property is moved into or out of trust.
A: These situations could be considered changed circumstances.

vii) During or as part of the transaction, it is determined that the property use may change, such as from owner-occupied to rental property.
A: This could constitute a changed circumstance. It should be noted that business purpose loans are not covered by RESPA. See 24 C.F.R. §3500.5.

viii) After the GFE is issued, it is determined that a party will be using a POA to sign, which may require additional work and additional fees.
A: This could be considered a changed circumstance.

ix) Credit policy is required to change after the GFE is issued due to regulatory changes such as fees charged by government agencies for recording fees or taxes change after the GFE is issued.
A: This could constitute a changed circumstance if the loan originator did not have notice of the regulatory change prior to the issuance of the GFE.

x) The loan does not close by the close date in the original Purchase Agreement or Construction Agreement provided to the lender.
A: The particular facts of each situation must be examined to determine if the facts constitute a changed circumstance.

xi) The vendor originally selected to perform a settlement service goes out of business or stops offering the service.
A: The particular facts of each situation must be examined to determine if the facts constitute a changed circumstance.

xii) AVMs are commonly used for the property type and loan amount requested, but the AVM request comes back with a ―no hit, necessitating the use of a more expensive valuation method.
A: This could constitute a changed circumstance.

xiii) After the GFE is issued, it is determined that an additional service such as an additional pest, structural or other inspection, upgraded appraisal, certification, survey or other requirement is required by the loan originator in connection with the transaction.
A: This could constitute a changed circumstance.

xiv) The borrower‘s credit score changes.
A: This could constitute a changed circumstance.

xv) A mortgage broker issues a GFE based on one lender‘s loan products and origination fees, but places the loan with a different lender.
A: No, this would not constitute a changed circumstance.

Owelty Liens: An Impediment to Closings & Issuing Texas Title Insurance

Since it is October and all the ghouls are out, why not talk about owelty liens? For many, the word is chilling and, at the least, a nuisance to most people in the real estate and mortgage industries that can prevent your closing. The most common use for an owelty lien is in the instance of a divorce. I know in a perfect world, we would like to think that a divorce decree is the final say on the division of the property, but in fact, it does not. It gives us direction and an idea of how the property should be divided, but in most cases, there are several steps to be taken to clear an owelty lien before we at the title company can close your loan and issue a Texas title insurance policy. For example, a divorce court has no authority to divest a party of title to separate real estate. Eggemeyer v. Eggemeyer, 554 S.W.2d 137 (Tex. 1977). Regardless of the judge’s order awarding the property, if a conveyance document has not been filed, the property will still show vested in both parties. However, the judge may award the person divested from title an amount of money for their interest/equity in the property. Such award would allow the divested individual to file an owelty lien in the land records.

Unfortunately, such recorded owelty lien is often looked over when winding up a divorce and obtaining a release is forgotten. This is the reason owelty liens are so scary. The owelty lien resurfaces only when the divorce decree is reviewed by the title company when preparing to issue a Texas title insurance policy. At that point, there are several options to take in clearing the issue—oftentimes involving contact with the divorced spouse. Hence, clearing an owelty lien can slow down the closing process.

If your client mentions a divorce at the time the loan application is taken, a good habit to start would be asking for a copy of the complete divorce decree upfront. Once you receive the divorce decree, send it to the title company for review so they can make sure there will be no delays in closing and issuing a Texas title insurance policy. A little digging upfront will save a lot of time in the end.

The Best Texas Escrow Services? Really?

If you Google the words “Texas escrow services,” many links of title company information will pop up for your viewing. Of course, every title company from large to smallest promises their company’s service is the best. In all reality, if you do your homework, you will find that several of these companies have been penalized or fined for various errors by the Department of Insurance, or the reviews from consumers are not up to par. With the internet being a plethora of information, how do you know who you can trust?

When scouting a title company with which to place your order, you may want to consider several items. For example: size of the title agency, number of escrow officers, how many departments, how long has your escrow officer been licensed, what is their knowledge level, how easy can you contact their attorneys or higher-ups for those tough files, etc. Depending on your company’s needs, these questions may be answered differently; however, they should definitely be considered.

At Griffin Law Firm, we go as far as to invite our customers into our office for a visit. If you do not know who you are working with personally, then you are working with a file number and possibly an email address. We believe in relationships. By building a rapport with our clients, we have found the process and transaction is smoother and expectations are met quickly. Our goal is not only to have the best “Texas Escrow Services” but to service our clients by meeting their individual needs.

If you are looking for a different experience, please stop by or give us a call at 817.520.6000. We look forward to hearing from you.